ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION INTENSIFICATION

Abstract

The article investigates the directions of intensification of agro-industrial production. The urgency of the research topic, the greening of agro-industrial production involves the intensive development of scientific and technological progress, its transition to ecological-economic, economic-organizational and ecological-technical relations. The main preconditions for the greening of agro-industrial production are revealed, in particular: permanent growth of material needs of mankind with limited and exhaustible reserves of basic natural resources, reduced productivity of agricultural lands, intensive degradation of natural ecosystems, increasing frequency of weather anomalies and climate change. It is established that the greening of agricultural production and the greening of the economy should be considered as a response to global social and environmental problems of today. The essence of the theory of energy balance in the agricultural sphere is clarified; correlation-regression analysis was performed to quantify the dependence of the need for organic matter (for a break-even balance of humus in the soil) on the ratio of the structure of cereal crops, row crops and perennial grasses. The directions of increase of rational use of natural resources of agrarian sphere and features of greening of agro-industrial production are substantiated. Given the intensity of the food problem, the need to move to an integrated agriculture system, which includes the best features of biological (organic, natural, ecological) farming system, assuming (within reasonable limits) the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. It was found that the ratio of the processes of synthesis and dehumidification (consumption) of soil organic matter for a certain period of time characterizes the humus regime of the soil and is an indicator of the intensity of accumulation and consumption of organic matter. It was found that fertility primarily depends on the accumulation and conversion of solar energy, so the soil is the second energy factor of the agroecosystem (after solar energy), which determines the very possibility of its existence. The value of the humus shell of the soil is most often assessed as a universal planetary accumulator and transformer of energy created in the process of photosynthesis in plant organisms. It is these vital aspects that determine the ecological and energy essence of soil fertility. It is from such functional principles that an appropriate system of economic evaluation of the efficiency and rationality of land use in the agricultural sector should be created. It is proved that the greening of agro-industrial production should ensure the preservation and reproduction of the natural resource potential of the agricultural sector.