Survey on RF, Microwave, and Millimeter-Wave Planar Passive Components Design Using Analytical Approach

Abstract

This chapter provides a comprehensive review of analytical analysis for microwave planar passive devices, including directional couplers, hybrid branch-line couplers, phase shifters, filters, and power dividers/combiners. The passive devices were fundamental building components for developing 5G wireless and IoT systems. The performance and specifications of the devices were mainly determined by the physical dimension, size, and structure of the microstrip line on the PCB. Despite that, the physical dimensions and structure of the circuit can be predicted through analytical analysis. Hence, in this chapter, the analytical analysis for the planar passive devices was mainly focused on, and this method provides an explicit solution in the design of the devices. The passive devices can be accurately modeled by the ABCD matrix, transmission line theory, stepped impedance matching, cascaded network approach, and even-odd mode decomposition. In addition, this chapter attempts to provide a quick guide for the reader to quickly and easily understand the principles of passive components.