Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on education, with Mathematics instruction being no exception. In response to the challenges posed by the pandemic, Mathematics instructors have had to adapt their teaching strategies to engage students in virtual or hybrid learning environments. One key factor in the success of this adaptation is the instructors' level of self-efficacy and self-confidence in teaching Mathematics. This chapter explores two strategies to enhance self-efficacy in Mathematics instruction in the post-COVID era: inclusion and technology. Inclusion strategies such as understanding the diverse learning needs of students, using inclusive pedagogical approaches, and promoting collaboration and a supportive classroom environment are essential to enhance self-efficacy. Furthermore, technology strategies such as using online teaching platforms and resources, professional development on the use of technology in Mathematics instruction, and interactive and engaging technology-based learning activities can also improve self-efficacy.