Effects of COVID-19 on OCD Severity and Coping Strategies

Abstract

In early 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 Virus made its appearance and has, since then, substantially impacted our lives. Those with mental health issues have been significantly impacted and are still adjusting. Multiple studies since then have been conducted to study its effects. This literature review aims to expand on the research conducted regarding the effects of COVID-19 on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). After briefly reviewing research articles, coping and management techniques were discussed. Lastly, future research suggestions are provided. Five research studies are reviewed, and all of the results reveal that the pandemic has worsened OCD severity. For example, results of the Khosravani et al. study, which included 270 participants, showed that stress reactions related to compulsive checking and contamination exacerbated patient's OCD. A study by Tanir et al., which included 61 participants, discovered that contamination obsessions and cleaning or washing compulsions increased during the pandemic. Additionally, a study by David et al. with 30 participants found that contamination symptoms, particularly along with remitters, showed a worsening of OCD when compared to pre-COVID levels. Regarding coping mechanisms, patients with OCD used instrumental support, religion, denial, and self-blame when dealing with changes to their disorder. Researchers have advised therapists to monitor patients' screen time, since that's one of the ways that OCD levels of those with contamination, hygiene, and cleanliness obsessions tends to worsen. As for future directions, researchers should aim for longitudinal studies, which would fully measure the effects of the pandemic on OCD. The chapter concludes by elaborating on suggestions, since a vaccine is now available.