Impact of Spiritual Resources Within the Health Impairment Process of the Job Demands Resources Model Across Diverse Geographical Regions

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of spiritual resource variables on employee emotional exhaustion and emotional ill-health across different geographical regions in the context of job demands and resources (JD-R) theory. Overall, the findings largely confirmed the JD-R hypothesis as spiritual resources did not directly predict emotional exhaustion and subsequently emotional ill-health. The study further confirmed that spiritual resources are relatively independent since spiritual resources were seen to be directly associated with the motivation process of the JD-R model. The findings also suggested that the effects of spiritual resources on emotional exhaustion and emotional ill-health may differ across cultures. Although these findings largely supported the JD-R model and previous studies, in some cases, some findings were not similar across cultures. The findings provided tangible information and data to decision-makers allowing them to make informed choices about which spiritual resource variables mitigate emotional exhaustion and emotional ill-health in different cultures.