Survey or Review on the Deep Learning Techniques for Retinal Image Segmentation in Predicting/Diagnosing Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based image segmentation plays an important role in image processing and computer vision. AI can be used in the medical field (e.g., ophthalmology, disease prediction which involves direct visualization and imaging) as a frequent method for diagnosis. Deep learning comes under machine learning and as a part of AI. Deep learning algorithms have yielded considerable results in the medical field. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common causes of blindness, which is diagnosed by examining the appearance of the retina. The diabetic retinopathy stages are determined based on the changes seen in retina or retinal image. This chapter gives a detailed survey on different algorithms used for diagnosing diabetic retinopathy and different deep learning techniques used for medical image segmentation.