Biointensive Integrated Pest Management (BIPM) Approaches in Orchards

Abstract

This chapter discusses the biointensive integrated pest management strategies to be followed to combat the pest incidence in fruit orchards. The hostile habit of insects resulted in the elevated pesticide treatments and affected the destruction of the agroecosystem, which will be indicated by extremely resistant insect species with elimination of entomophages. This chapter highlights the idea of biointensive management tactics, that is, preliminary data collection through surveillance, accurate diagnosis, sampling and field scouting, and pest forewarning threshold level assessment. The major pests found in fruit crops such as mango, citrus, grapes, litchi, guava, apple, pear, and peach along with the BIPM techniques to mitigate the pest have also been debated. In addition, various management strategies, that is, cultural, mechanical, physical, bio-rational, biological, and significance of resistant cultivars in BIPM have been discussed in this chapter. The chapter concludes with a summary of approaches for implementing biointensive pest management programmes and its forthcoming areas.