Affiliation:
1. Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
2. Chitkara University, Punjab, India
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a set of technologies that allows robots to detect, understand, act, and learn at human-like levels. The vast bulk of the AI that surrounds us now is powered by ineffective AI. This sort of AI is demonstrated by IBM Watson, self-driving cars, and Apple's Siri. Machine learning includes deep learning as a subset which is commonly utilised in predictive modelling. It functions in the same manner that neurons do in our brains. Its structure and networking are also influenced by neural networks found in our brains. Since the 1950s, artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in medicine. The use of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology is mostly focused on high-incidence illnesses such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and cataract. The chapter reviews research demonstrating AI enhancing medical diagnosis with a focus on diabetic retinopathy.