Affiliation:
1. Universidade de Évora, Portugal
2. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Portugal
3. Suporte Imediato de Vida de Loulé do Instituto Nacional de Emergência Médica, Portugal
Abstract
The objective of this chapter is to identify the latest evidence on the elderly critical patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nine articles were analysed. The effectiveness of NIV has been demonstrated in cases of elderly critically ill patients with acute COPD. Evidence has been shown to decrease hospital stay and mortality, although long-term survival has been shown to be short. The prediction of NIV failure is multifactorial, including very old age, comorbidities, low analytical values of albumin, simplified severity index II, pH < 7.3 of arterial blood, PaCO2 (Carbon Dioxide Pressure) < 45 mmHg, CAT (COPD Assessment Test) elevated, Glasgow Coma Scale < 11, and APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation) 29. NIV has demonstrated efficacy in elderly patients in situations of acute COPD.
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