The Use of Biomaterials in the Field of Cardiology on the Perspectives and Possibilities of Creating a Permanent Total Artificial Heart

Abstract

Loss of organ function, either partially or completely, can cause numerous social and psychological problems. Therefore, the importance of the artificial heart in medicine is evident, since it can help reduce symptoms and prolong the life of patients for a time, offering a better quality of life and later serving as a bridge for heart transplantation. So, would it be possible in real life to safely and reliably develop a permanent total artificial heart that performs all the functions of a biological one? In addition, the growth of nanotechnology and tissue engineering is contributing exponentially to the development of biospecific and mechanically more appropriate materials. It will be possible to create not only a device made of metal alloys, bioceramics, or polymers but also an organ that has the same composition and compatibility as a natural organ. This work aims to present the applications of biomaterials in cardiology, bringing a discussion about the perspectives and possibilities in the creation of a total permanent artificial heart.