Overview of Plant Nematodes

Abstract

Nematodes are multicellular organisms that may shed their cuticle. The Ecdysozoa category of organisms usually are tiny and subterranean. Nowadays, plant parasitic nematodes are known as the main agricultural pathogens and are recognized to attack plants and propose crop yield damage over the world. Some assessments suggest they cause over 70 billion dollars of losses worldwide each year. Nematodes are soil-borne (with exceptions like Aphelenchoides, a foliar nematode). Even though many saprophytic nematodes are embedded in soils, they vary from plant pathogenic nematodes in that the last have stylets. Soil nematodes, exceptionally the nematodes feeding on bacteria and fungi, can help to maintain sufficient levels of plant-available nitrogen in farming. Plant-parasitic nematodes are costly losses in crop yield production. Ubiquitous in nature, phyto-parasitic nematodes are specific to every important agricultural crop and reveal a significant restriction on global food security.