Synthesis of Biologically Active Nitrogen and Sulfur-Containing Terpenoids

Abstract

New, original, and ecologically pure methods for the synthesis of compounds with hybrid terpene and heteroatomic functional groups or fragments have been developed, starting from accessible (+)-sclareolide, obtained from (-)-sclareol, well-known labdane diterpenoid diol extracted from the waste of Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) remaining after extracting the essential oil. The natural origin of terpene compounds supposes biocompatibility, selective biological activity, and low toxicity. The compounds with combined skeleton were obtained by coupling some terpene derivatives (acids, chloroanhydrides, bromides) with azaheterocyclic compounds or heterocyclization of some intermediates such as hydrazides, hydrazincarbothioamides, or thiosemicarbazones. A series of over 120 newly obtained substances were subjected to biological testing, of which 10 showed pronounced antifungal and antibacterial activity, two amides showed pronounced antioxidant activity, and two derivatives with guanidine fragments showed high antitumor activity.