Affiliation:
1. Study World College of Engineering, India
2. Gnanamani College of Technology, India
Abstract
This chapter explains the fascinating realm of photonic crystals. With a period on the order of an optical wavelength, these are artificial multidimensional periodic structures. They are a lot like solid state crystals in many ways. The band of photons is the most significant one since it provides a potent hypothesis for comprehending how light behaves in a challenging photonic crystal structure. We can produce the photonic bandgap and localise light thanks to it. They have considerable promise for cutting-edge uses in fields including acoustics, bio-photonics, quantum engineering, optoelectronics, waves, and optics. 2-D photonic crystals may provide integrated optics the much-needed miniaturisation. A modest selection of measurements on several kinds of waveguides on this size have already been provided. Straight waveguides alone are not sufficient for good routing or for creating more complicated circuits.