Monitoring and Detection of Insect Pests Using Smart Trap Technologies

Abstract

Despite all the strategies of integrated pest management (IPM), insecticides are still frequently used in its cultivation. The frequent spread of invasive species and unexpected pest outbreaks are serious problems posed by climate change that influence pest phenology. The latest reviews suggested that the current monitoring strategies of IPM need to be revised. Automated pest-monitoring systems are sophisticated, accurate, and efficient monitoring techniques. For this, several systems have been designed to improve IPM in precision agriculture. This comprises the latest methods and scientific state of the art of the use of sensors for automatic detection and monitoring of insect pests. Further, the advanced strategies for the identification of pests based on infrared detectors, audio sensors, and image-based classification, presenting the different systems available, their applications and recent developments, including machine learning and the Internet of Things are given with future trends of automatic traps and decision support systems.