Bacterial Exopolysaccharides-Based Nanomaterials for Targeting Biofilm-Associated Infections

Abstract

Bacteria that secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS) when colonised on living and non-living surfaces also protect from stressors in a variety of environments. EPS is considered a complex carbohydrate, which is part of their extracellular matrix. EPS play magnificent roles in microbial biofilm formation, providing structural integrity and protection for microbial communities. Chemically synthesised nanomaterials are not ideal for use as antimicrobial agents because they are harmful to environments and also ineffective. An alternative, sustainable approach is needed to control biofilm-related infections. Therefore, in this chapter, the authors discuss the techniques of optimisation and characterization of bacterial exopolysaccharide-mediated nanoparticles and nanomaterials for targeting oral biofilm-forming pathogens. It will be essential for the use of exopolysaccharide-mediated nanoparticles in biomedical applications to prevent biofilm-associated infections such as urinary catheter devices and biofilm-related chronic wounds.