Novel Advancements in Genome Editing Technology to Be Used in In vitro fertilization (IVF)

Abstract

Genome editing in human embryos has raised keen concern worldwide. Genome editing might be acceptable in limited cases of serious or life-threatening conditions, where no alternative medicine is available. New methods of in vitro fertilization and the vastly expanding number of diseases are the reasons for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) testing. In recent years, cutting-edge genetic analysis methods have been applied in therapeutic settings. Promising techniques include blastocyst-stage biopsy, vitrification, time-lapse imaging, whole-genome amplification, array-based diagnostics, CRISPR-Cas 19, and next-generation sequencing for the accurate diagnosis of a variety of genetic conditions as well as for the selection of the best embryo with the best genetic potential. The 'genetic scissors' are easier to engineer, more efficient in methodology, and more precise in genome sequence being targeted. During in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS) tries to assist couples in reducing the risks of passing genetic abnormalities to their offspring, implantation failure, and/or miscarriage. The very novel techniques for base gene editing, protein synthesis, RNA editing systems, genomic data storage systems, and the building of bio parts have been revolutionised with the application of virtual screening till the date. Artificial intelligence would overtake the manpower and man skills put forth at the scientific laboratory if used precisely which would further bring a huge progress and advancement in synthetic biology. Hence, this study aims to review and study the novel technologies used for gene editing which would work with the application of artificial intelligence with accuracy and preciseness leading to better embryo development.