Anatomies and Dynamics of the Society-Mechanism

Abstract

It was post-modernity that first told us that facts were now to be considered interpretations, whereupon the value of theorization diminished to the point where theories became little more than opinions. As a reaction, the reductionisms and determinisms that had previously been dismantled by a novel, non-Newtonian perspective returned as a “tyranny of concreteness,” foreshadowing tomorrow's post-normality. So, what then is “normality”? Human societies have always been wrapped in chaos, complexity, and contradictions: this is normal for all living beings and for all living systems. A volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world, therefore, has always existed, and as such is perfectly normal and natural. Therefore, a science based on “post normality” should take into account that normality itself implicates unpredictability, uncertainty, and the impossibility of controlling or managing complexity, including the unexpected events called “black swans,” which are simply intrinsic features of the complex adaptive systems we inhabit.