This study analyses the main techniques for constructing a three-dimensional (3D) digital core, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each reconstruction technique. The direction for the development of reconstruction technology for 3D digital cores is also proposed. The integration of multiscale, multicomponent, and nanoscale technology under different resolutions will play a significant role in future research efforts surrounding the physical properties of 3D digital cores. This study also introduces the main evaluation methods of digital cores, while analyzing and comparing the applicable scenarios of each method. The results of the pore statistics method, based on the seed filling algorithm, can be used as a new and effective evaluation method for the 3D reconstruction of digital cores.