A Review of Recent Issues and Challenges of Fault Management Techniques in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are deployed to conduct cooperative surveillance and data gathering tasks in an acoustic region. Different nodes and ground-based stations use these networks interactively. UWSNs are currently facing problems and difficulties related to restricted bandwidth, substantial delay in propagation, 3D topology, control of media access, routing, use of resources, fault management, and energy limitations. The research community has given various methodologies over the past few decades to address these problems and challenges; however, owing to varying attributes of the underwater environment, some of them are still open to research. In this chapter, a survey of fault management techniques in UWSN regarding types of faults and their classification, environmental factors influencing the identification of faults, fault detection schemes, issues, and future directions is performed. This chapter outlines available fault management techniques and their pros and cons for further advancement in underwater sensor networks to highlight new research trends.