Extra-Pulmonary TB

Abstract

Tuberculosis is considered a fatal respiratory disease commonly seen in developing countries. This chapter includes the global scenario of TB patients and brief description of TB history, its pathogenesis, types, diagnosis tests, emergence of MDR (multi drug resistance) and XDR (extensively drug resistance). The traditional chemotherapy of TB includes first and second line drug therapy. These lines of therapies face many difficulties such as low solubility, low bioavailability, and stability issues. Therefore, some new drugs were introduced in the market that showed effective results to the patients. Nanoparticulate drug delivery gained much focus in recent years due to its advantages and ideal characteristics. Numerous nanoparticles, liposomal formulations, and polymeric micelles were reported by the researchers with significant and considerable results. Inhalable formulations were also prepared by scientists that showed effective and remarkable anti-tuberculosis action on TB patients. Many efforts are awaited to completely eradicate TB from the planet.