Application of Supercritical Technologies in Clean Energy Production

Abstract

In this chapter the authors seek to acquaint the reader with unusual properties of supercritical fluids, and how these properties are used for various applications in the synthesis of biofuels and the intensification of energy processes and thermal cycles. The review includes the studies of leading scientists from around the world related to effective and environmentally friendly methods and technologies of energy acquisition and conversion involving the synthesis of motor fuels, materials and chemicals, solar energy conversion and thermal cycle efficiencies using supercritical fluids. A special place in the chapter is occupied by studies of the transformation of vegetable oils, algae and wood in supercritical alcohols, esters and water to produce biodiesel fuels and hydrogen.