Affiliation:
1. Istanbul University, Turkey
Abstract
The one of important matter of the design of tunnel is that choosing of the building materials and to make away rock material from tunnel walls or surface. Another important point is that these factors are effective for the building of tunnel process. It is necessary to investigation detailed the matters such as choosing the route of tunnel, the method of excavation, design of tunnel, choosing of the building material, to preparing to application Project, revision of the Project, recycling of the rest materials etc. The one of important duty of engineer is that to realize the importance of security and economic conditions together. It isn't random the economic and timing work about this type of project, on the contrary it is definitely depending on good geotechnical and geological pre-research. The research which is along the route of tunnel supply economic and feasible work for the Project. The unit of in this book we will describe the methodology of tunnel building by using suit geotechnical and geological processes.
Reference98 articles.
1. Review of rock mass rating classification: Historical developments, applications, and restrictions
2. Albayrak, Z (1970). Karotlu Sondajlarda Karot Randımanı. Madencilik, IX(1), 45-58.
3. Amer, R., Kusky, T., & Reinert, P. C. (2009). Image processing and analysis using Landsat ETM+ iımagery for lithological mapping at Fawakhir, Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. Proceedings of the ASPRS 2009 Annual Conference, Baltimore, Maryland.
4. Use of the ASTER satellite images for evaluation of structural changes in the Popocatépetl volcano related to microseismicity
5. Arellano-Baeza, A.A., Zverev, A.T., & Malinnikov, V.A. (2006). Study of changes in the lineament structure, caused by earthquakes in South America by applying the lineament analysis to the Aster (Terra) satellite data.