State-of-the-Art of Commercial Proctoring Systems and Their Use in Academic Online Exams

Author:

Arnò Simone1,Galassi Alessandra2,Tommasi Marco1,Saggino Aristide1,Vittorini Pierpaolo3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy

2. Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy

3. University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy

Abstract

Online proctoring generally refers to the practice of proctors monitoring an exam over the internet, usually through a webcam. This technology has gained relevance during the current COVID-19 pandemic, given that the social distance owing to health reasons has consequently led to the switching of all learning and assessment activities to online platforms. This paper summarises the available state-of-the-art of commercial proctoring systems by identifying the main features, describing them, and analysing the way in which different proctoring programs are grouped on the basis of the services they offer. Furthermore, the paper reports on two case studies concerning online exams taken with both automated and human proctoring approaches. The outcomes from state-of-the-art approaches and the experience gained by the two case studies are then summarised in the conclusion, where the need for an organisational effort in loading photographs that can be used to easily recognise student faces, and using an automated online proctoring program to support manual proctoring have been suggested.

Publisher

IGI Global

Subject

Computer Networks and Communications,Computer Science Applications,Education

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1. Revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre las tecnologías de e-proctoring para la supervisión de exámenes en educación superior;Perfiles Educativos;2024-07-14

2. Proctoring Tools and Techniques for Ensuring the Integrity of Online Assessments;Advances in Higher Education and Professional Development;2024-04-26

3. A Multifaceted Approach to Real Time Online Proctoring with Gaze Tracking, Facial Aspect Ratio Analysis and Object Detection;International Journal of Research in Science, Commerce, Arts, Management and Technology;2024-03-22

4. What is the student experience of remote proctoring? A pragmatic scoping review;Higher Education Quarterly;2024-02-23

5. Online Assessments in a Changing Education Landscape;Reimagining Education - The Role of E-Learning, Creativity, and Technology in the Post-Pandemic Era;2024-01-24

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