BEE PRDUCTS AND THE POTENTIAL HEALTH ISSUES ARISING FROM THEIR UNCONTROLLED USE

Abstract

In Turkiye, as well as worldwide, traditional and alternative medical practices are employed for the preservation of health and the treatment of various diseases. Among these practices, Apitherapy has gained particular attention, especially in recent years. Since drug use causes serious side effects, especially on human health, people are increasingly turning to alternative medical treatment methods with minimal or no side effects. Apitherapy is a treatment method involving bee products such as honey, pollen, Royal Jel, propolis, and bee venom. It is primarily used for the purpose of promoting a healthier lifestyle. While these products have been traditionally used in various treatments for many years, their systematic use has gained prominence in recent years. Studies have shown that these products strengthen the immune system, provide protection against various types of cancer, and exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the high content of protein, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids in these products enhances their therapeutic potential. However, alongside the benefits of these supportive and therapeutic substances, there is a possibility of various toxic effects when used irregularly and without medical supervision. Sometimes, these situations can lead to various organ failures. This review aims to reveal the undesirable effects encountered in the use of bee products and apitherapy applications, and emphasizes that all natural products, especially bee products, should not be used uncontrolled.