Winter bread wheat productivity elements and yield capacity in relation to its origin

Abstract

Aim. To compare winter bread wheat accessions of different origin for spike productivity elements and yield capacity. Results and Discussion. 104 winter bread wheat accessions from 10 countries were studied. We distinguished, an accession from Turkey, SWW 1-904 (12.8 cm) due to its long spike. The largest number of spikelets was recorded in accessions SWW 1-904 (TUR), Veha (RUS) and Pamiatі Hіrka (UKR) - 21 spikelets. Turkish accession SWW 1-904 was noticeable for the grain number per spike. The greatest spike density was observed in accession Zluka (UKR) - 2.5 spikelets / cm. The spike weight and grain weight per spike were the highest in SWW 1-904 (TUR): 6.0 g and 4.5 g, respectively. Accessions Lehenda Myronivska (0.81), Prydniprovska (UKR), Kuma, Yunona, Avgusta (RUS) (0.80) had the highest index of spike productivity. The 1000-grain weight of 55.0 g was recorded in intensive variety SWW 1-904 (TUR). Accessions from Ukraine, Darynka Kyivska and Raihorodka combined high winter hardiness (9 points) with high yield capacity (955 g/m2). Conclusions. Thus, winter bread wheat accessions that are valuable starting material for developing new varieties with a set of important economic features, were identified. They can increase the breeding efficiency and accelerate the breeding process.