Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: A Finding After Central Venous Catheterization

Abstract

Introduction: Persistence of the left superior vena cava (LSVC) is a rare anatomical variant in the general population with an estimated incidence of 0.3-0.5% in healthy individuals. Its diagnosis can be made incidentally after imaging control of central venous catheter (CVC) or other types of devices placements. Patient and Methods: We present the case of a patient with an acute disease which required central venous catheterization for the administration of intravenous chemotherapy. Results: Central venous catheterization proved difficult and after imaging control it revealed an unusual position of the catheter tip. Additional study to verify catheter tip position was performed and computed tomography (CT-scan) revealed the presence of a persistent left superior vena cava. The patient was then submitted to the planned treatment without any record of complications associated with CVC. Conclusion: Although uncommon the persistence of the LSVC can have an important impact in clinical practice, particularly when more invasive procedures are required. Its recognition is relevant in order to minimize the potential complications inherent to these procedures.