Factor Analysis of Spontaneous Speech in Aphasia

Author:

Gordon Jean K.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City

Abstract

Purpose Spontaneous speech tasks are critically important for characterizing spoken language production deficits in aphasia and for assessing the impact of therapy. The utility of such tasks arises from the complex interaction of linguistic demands (word retrieval, sentence formulation, articulation). However, this complexity also makes spontaneous speech hugely variable and difficult to assess. The current study aimed to simplify the problem by identifying latent factors underlying performance in spontaneous speech in aphasia. The ecological validity of the factors was examined by examining how well the factor structures corresponded to traditionally defined aphasia subtypes. Method A factor analysis was conducted on 17 microlinguistic measures of narratives from 274 individuals with aphasia in AphasiaBank. The resulting factor scores were compared across aphasia subtypes. Supervised (linear discriminant analysis) and unsupervised (latent profile analysis) classification techniques were then conducted on the factor scores and the solutions compared to traditional aphasia subtypes. Results Six factors were identified. Two reflected aspects of fluency, one at the phrase level (Phrase Building) and one at the narrative level (Narrative Productivity). Two other factors reflected the accuracy of productions, one at the word level (Semantic Anomaly) and one at the utterance level (Grammatical Error). The other two factors reflected the complexity of sentence structures (Grammatical Complexity) and the use of repair behaviors (Repair), respectively. Linear discriminant analyses showed that only about two thirds of speakers were classified correctly and that misclassifications were similar to disagreements between clinical diagnoses. The most accurately diagnosed syndromes were the largest groups—Broca's and anomic aphasia. The latent profile analysis also generated profiles similar to Broca's and anomic aphasia but separated some subtypes according to severity. Conclusions The factor solution and the classification analyses reflected broad patterns of spontaneous speech performance in a large and representative sample of individuals with aphasia. However, such data-driven approaches present a simplified picture of aphasia patterns, much as traditional syndrome categories do. To ensure ecological validity, a hybrid approach is recommended, balancing population-level analyses with examination of performance at the level of theoretically specified subgroups or individuals. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13232354

Publisher

American Speech Language Hearing Association

Subject

Speech and Hearing,Linguistics and Language,Language and Linguistics

Cited by 12 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Determinants of Multilevel Discourse Outcomes in Anomia Treatment for Aphasia;Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research;2024-09-12

2. Assessing Relative Linguistic Impairment With Model-Based Item Selection;Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research;2024-08-05

3. Automated Analysis of Fluency Behaviors in Aphasia;Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research;2024-07-09

4. Connected Speech Fluency in Poststroke and Progressive Aphasia: A Scoping Review of Quantitative Approaches and Features;American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology;2024-07-03

5. A reconceptualization of sentence production in post-stroke agrammatic aphasia: the Synergistic Processing Bottleneck model;Frontiers in Language Sciences;2023-09-15

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