The Contributions of Pitch, Loudness, and Rate Control to Speech Naturalness in Cerebellar Ataxia

Abstract

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between the perceptual measure of speech naturalness and objective measures of pitch, loudness, and rate control as a potential tool for assessment of ataxic dysarthria. Method: Twenty-seven participants with ataxia and 29 age- and sex-matched control participants completed the pitch glide and loudness step tasks drawn from the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment–Second Edition (FDA-2) in addition to speech diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks. First, group differences were compared for pitch variability in the pitch glide task, loudness variability in the loudness step task, and syllable duration and speech rate in the DDK task. Then, these acoustic measures were compared with previously collected ratings of speech naturalness by speech-language pathology graduate students. Results: Robust group differences were measured for pitch variability and both DDK syllable duration and speech rate, indicating that the ataxia group had greater pitch variability, longer DDK syllable duration, and slower DDK speech rate than the control group. No group differences were measured for loudness variability. There were robust relationships between speech naturalness and pitch variability, DDK syllable duration, and DDK speech rate, but not for loudness variability. Conclusions: Objective acoustic measures of pitch variability in the FDA-2 pitch glide task and syllable duration and speech rate in the DDK task can be used to validate perceptual measures of speech naturalness. Overall, speech-language pathologists can incorporate both perceptual measures of speech naturalness and acoustic measures of pitch variability and DDK performance for a comprehensive evaluation of ataxic dysarthria.