Phytochemical Analysis of <i>Lysimachia vulgaris</i> L. Aerial Part: Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Secondary Metabolites

Abstract

Introduction. Natural sources, especially plants, have been used in folk medicine of various countries for many centuries and appears as rich sources of natural compounds. One of the interesting plants for study is the yellow loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris L.), the information on the chemical composition of which is scarce.Aim. Carry out a phytochemical research of the L. vulgaris aerial part, by isolation of individual secondary metabolites and elucidation of their structure.Material and methods. Aerial part of L. vulgaris, was collected in the Leningrad region (Vsevolozhsk district, Morozov village, the shore of Lake Ladoga) in July 2021. Fraction analysis was performed through analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a LC-20 Prominence (Shimadzu corp., Japan) equipped with a SPD-M20A diode-array detector. The isolation of compounds was carried out by open column chromatography using sorbent Dianion HP-20, as well as by preparative HPLC using a Smartline system (Knauer, Germany) equipped with a spectrophotometric detector. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by NMR experiments (Bruker Avance III 400 MHz, Germany).Results and discussion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, the structures of seven individual compounds (1–7) were elucidated. Compounds 1 and 2 are luteolin and quercetin, respectively, while compounds 3–7 are glycosides of quercetin, myricitin and kaempferol, namely myricetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (3), myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (rutin) (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7).Conclusion. As a result of L. vulgaris aerial part phytochemical research, seven individual compounds were isolated. Compounds 1 and 4 have been found in the aerial part of L. vulgaris for the first time, and all compounds (1–7) have been isolated for the first time from the yellow loosestrife herb.