Cancer per Economic Activity at Brazil’s Southeast Region: Benefits Granted by the Brazilian Social Security System

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the economic importance of the Region, there are still few studies in the literature about occupational cancer in Brazil’s Southeast Region. Objective: Compare the distribution of cancer-related benefits granted by the Brazilian Social Security System (RGPS) by economic activity of the insured individual, between 2008 and 2014, at Brazil’s Southeast Region. Method: The proportions of cancer-related accidental (work-related) and social security (general) benefits granted, according to the economic activity of the insured individual (bank cashier, salesperson, transport and freight worker, railway worker, industrial worker, sailor, public servant, rural worker, and blank) were calculated. Results: Cancer represented 3.07% (271,086) of the benefits granted for all causes. Commercial and rural activities showed the largest proportions of cancer-related benefits granted in all States. For both activities, breast and prostate cancers were the main locations that justified the approval of social security benefits, and other malignant skin neoplasms were the main locations for accidental benefits. Conclusion: The disproportionality between the number of cancer-related social security and accidental benefits granted suggests an error in many benefits, disfavoring accidental benefits. The improvement of the anamneses of the worker by the medical expert, with the use of additional documents, can aid the establishment of the causal link between the professional activity and the cancer developed, granting accidental benefits when this link exists. Moreover, surveillance strategies to boost the implementation of actions to prevent occupational cancer are still necessary at that Region.