Prognostic and preventive role of various factors in corneal rejection after keratoplasty

Abstract

The literature review is devoted to the analysis of modern publications on the immunological and pathogenetic mechanisms of transplanted corneal rejection, risk factors, predictors and methods of the prevention of this complication. The prevention of corneal rejection is challenging. Currently, there is no single algorithm for the predicting methods of the corneal graft rejection, so further research in this area is needed. Purpose. To assemble the current data on immunological and non-immunological predictors of postoperative complications after keratoplasty. The analysis of modern publications on the immunological and pathogenetic mechanisms of corneal transplant rejection, risk factors, predictors and methods of prevention of this complication is presented. The databases used were CyberLeninka, PubMed, and Medline. The focus was on the publications of the last 10 years. Conclusion. The data presented in the review make it possible to identify signs of corneal transplant rejection and to determine treatment in a timely manner, as well as to implement methods for preventing these complications. Key words: cornea, keratoplasty, keratograft, rejection, cytokines, ocular immune privilege.