NEONATAL SEPSIS: MODERN DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES

Abstract

The literature review presents current knowledge of risk factors, etiology, the main links of immunopathogenesis, clinical manifestations and laboratory guidelines for neonatal sepsis (NS). It is emphasized that NS remains a serious health problem. At the same time, it is specified that the incidence rates of early HS in children born prematurely are 60 times higher than in fullterm children, and mortality is 16.6 times higher. It was also noted that the frequency of late NS with an increase in body weight at birth from 500 g to 2500 g decreases from 51.2% to 2.2%. The main predisposing factors of increased morbidity and mortality from NS in premature infants are presented. The modern possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of the disease are analyzed in detail. The main characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic significance) of clinical and laboratory markers of NS are given. It is emphasized that the diagnosis of NS remains clinical, which does not exclude the important task of finding highly sensitive and highly specific markers for more accurate and early screening of this disease, which will allow timely initiation of adequate therapy and ultimately determine a decrease in mortality and long-term consequences for health and quality of life.