Affiliation:
1. LLP «Scientific Analytical Center «Biomedpreparat»
Abstract
The work is devoted to the enzymes of microorganisms. This review article presents the characteristics of microbial enzymes, their classifications according to various parameters. The study examines the role of microbial enzymes in various areas of human life. Enzymes are involved in the biochemical processes of microorganisms for their protection, reproduction, and growth. Enzyme producers are various taxonomic groups of bacteria, filamentous fungi, actinomycetes and yeasts. The article describes hydrolytic enzymes, reveals the importance of the protease enzyme involved in various processes with microorganisms. The main producers of proteolytic enzymes are bacteria of the genus Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, fungi of the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Blakeslea, actynomicetes of the genus Streptomyces, Actinomyces. Particular attention is paid to lactic acid bacteria. The significance of the use of protease in the biotechnological industry, in particular, for the development of preparations, starter cultures, bioadditives, and functional food products with desired properties, is shown. The article mentions the results of a study of the proteolytic activity of cultures of microorganisms, obtained by me and my colleagues. The objects of study were bacilli, yeast, fungi and lactic acid bacteria.To assess proteolytic activity, in vitro methods, chromatographic and other methods are used.
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