Achieving the spatial development goals using the human-driven approach

Abstract

Efficient implementation of the Spatial Development Strategy is necessary to solve the accumulated problems, and this requires defining a new methodological approach. Relying on the review of modern anthropocentric development theories, the author suggests the types of management models in terms of several elements. They include the goal setting with the focus on the human development, the goal adjustment among the stakeholders, the application of human capital characteristics as the key development factor, and the formation of management mechanisms based on the differential approach. This study explains the decision making to achieve strategic goals of the spatial development with the methodical complex within the human-oriented (human-driven) approach, comprising the method of assessing the human-oriented development, regression models of the human capital growth due to migration and reproduction processes, and the method of the regional typologization in terms of objective and subjective characteristics of the territory attractiveness for population. The method tested in this work focuses on achieving one of the most important goals of the spatial development of the 1st level on the example of the subjects of the Ural Federal District (UFD). During the test, this method allowed assessing not only the level of the human-oriented development, but also the degree of its balance in terms of the standard deviation of the structural indicators of the development components, including the economic, socio-natural and inclusive components. The results obtained allowed defining the positions of regions in the matrix “human-oriented development level — balance of components”. Combination of the matrix analysis of subjects of the UFD with the results of the typologization of these regions showed the dependence of the degree of the migrants’ reaction on the changes in the quality of life and the human-oriented development. The performed study provides the evidence towards the need to increase the level and improve the balance of components of the human-oriented development of regions from the viewpoint of the management efficiency of the human capital accommodation. This is essential for creating new centres of economic growth and ensuring the demographic security of Russia.