A Study of the Process of Removing Liquid Organic Substance from Textile Material by Powder and the Substantiation of the Laws of Its Flow

Abstract

The relevance of this research is determined by the scientific contradiction between the need to increase the efficiency  of degassing powder formulations when processing textile materials contaminated with drops of toxic chemicals, and  the lack of such an opportunity, since the application of modern theories of degassing is difficult here due to the lack of  knowledge about the diffusion stage that determines the transition of liquid from tissue into powder. The purpose of this  article is to study the process of removing a liquid organic substance from a textile material by powder, on which it is  applied discretely in the form of small drops, and the laws according to which this process flows. Materials and methods. To substantiate the experiments, publications available through the databases Scopus, eLIBRARY, SRussian National  Public Library for Science and Technology, Federal Institute of Industrial Property, Google Scholar, etc. were studied.  When carrying out the experiments, the relevant methods of microphotography, mass measurement, separation of  powder into different fractions, measurement of the diameter of powder particles and fabric fibers, and statistical  processing of experimental data were used. The discussion of the results. A technique has been developed that makes  it possible to experimentally study the process of removing liquid organic matter from textile material by powder. As  a result of the research, the process of removing a liquid organic substance from a textile material by powder, onto  which it is applied discretely in the form of small drops, was studied for the first time. Based on theoretical studies and  experimental data, several laws (regularities) for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter from textile material  and the requirements for rate constants for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter from textile material using  powder formulations were substantiated for the first time to ensure the required completeness of the decontamination  of combat equipment of military personnel contaminated with toxic chemicals. The conclusion. 1) the proportion of  the removed liquid phase of organic matter from a textile material is directly proportional to the rate constant for the  removal of the liquid phase of organic matter by powder, which takes into account only the processing time of the  powder formulation, and the square root of the processing time of the powder formulation («capillary law of removal of  liquid organic matter from textile material by powder»); 2) when changing the exposure to contamination and the time  of powder treatment, it is formulated as follows: «The proportion of the removed liquid phase of organic matter from a  textile material is directly proportional to the rate constant for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter by the  powder, taking into account the time of treatment with the powder formulation and the exposure to contamination,  and the square root of the time of treatment with the powder formulation, and is also inversely proportional to the  square root of the time of contamination.»