Audio misinformation on WhatsApp: A case study from Lebanon

Author:

El-Masri Azza1,Riedl Martin J.1,Woolley Samuel1

Affiliation:

1. Center for Media Engagement, University of Texas at Austin, USA

Abstract

Since 2019, Lebanon has witnessed sequential crises that have routinely spurred media attention. A great deal of misinformation has proliferated during these events, much of it spreading on WhatsApp. One format is particularly understudied: audio instant messages, otherwise known as voice notes. Utilizing a grounded theory approach to examine 35 misleading WhatsApp voice notes collected between October 2019 and October 2020, this study documents how audio misinformation on Lebanese WhatsApp follows a consistent structure through the manipulation of interpersonal relationships, the establishing of source credibility, the imbuing of negative discrete emotions, and the inclusion of calls to action.

Funder

University of Texas at Austin

Publisher

Shorenstein Center for Media, Politics, and Public Policy

Reference67 articles.

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