1. 1) Okita M, Sakamoto J, Honda Y, et al.: Limited range of joint motion—Mechanisms and treatment—2nd ed. Tokyo: Miwa-Shoten, 2013, pp 1–20, 93–134 (in Japanese).
2. 2) Murata S, Tsuda A, Inatani F, et al.: Physical and cognitive factors associated with falls among the elderly with disability at home. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 2005, 32: 88–95 (in Japanese).
3. 3) Koizumi K, Ogawa A, Murayama K, et al.: Prevention and treatment of contracture. Tokyo: Igaku-Shoin, 2003, pp 1–17 (in Japanese).
4. 4) Fukuya Y: The relation between motion of daily living and joint range of motion in the adult with central nervous disturbance. J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc, 1994, 21: 90–93 (in Japanese).
5. 5) Yaoita M: [Experimental study on the genesis of knee joint immobilization induced by long-term fixation and its remobilization]. Nihon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi, 1966, 40: 431–453 (in Japanese).