INVESTIGATION OF THE ICE FORMATION DYNAMICS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA TERRITORY USING EARTH REMOTE SENSING DATA

Abstract

Small and large ice masses are found annually on the territory of Russia. They are common in eastern Russia, and are one of the problems of the Transbaikal Territory. In the winter period of 2018-2019, the Chita region of the Transbaikal Territory was the most active in terms of icing. The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of ice formation in the conditions of the Eastern Transbaikal Territory in order to prevent their development in an emergency situation. The object of the research is the ice near the village Smolenka, Chita District, Transbaikal Territory. To study the process of ice formation in this area, a method for studying ice from space surveys from the Sentinel-2 satellite has been chosen with checking the data obtained by the route method. The application of this method enables to see the change in the area and the dynamics of the ice movement in the period 2016-2020. Satellite images from the Sentinel-2 satellite have shown that in the selected study area during the period from 2016 to 2019, the maximum size of ice has been recorded on March 18-March 21, and the beginning of the ice formation – on February 10–18. During the route studies, it has been revealed that the ice layering lasted from mid-November to the end of February, as a result of this, on February 21, 2020, there was a threat of flooding of residential buildings on the street Lugovaya and the "Emergency" regime was introduced within the boundaries of this street. The route studies that took place during the emergency recovery operations confirmed the data, obtained from the satellite images from the Sentinel-2 satellite. The measurement error has been within acceptable limits. It is revealed that the combined use of remote sensing of space images from the Sentinel-2 satellite and route research allows more accurately identifying the unfavorable dynamics of ice formation, including small ones, making forecasts and promptly taking action in case of emergencies