Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions for smokers with Crohn’s disease: a systematic review

Abstract

Aim: Smoking cessation (SC) in Crohn’s disease (CD) is widely accepted to be the most important modifiable factor to improve outcomes in these patients. We aimed in this review to provide a summary of the evidence base regarding the effectiveness of SC interventions in patients with CD. Materials & methods: The following databases were systematically searched from inception to February 2022: PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. Results: Overall, five articles met the research criteria. Studies sample size ranged from 17 to 474 patients. At the outcome level, the abstinence rates ranged from 14.8 to 42% and was ≤25% in four studies. The three studies with control groups did not report statistically higher SC rates in the intervention groups. No predictors of interventions success were identified in this review. Conclusion: Implementation and evaluation of tailored SC interventions for CD patients must be promptly addressed in further studies.