Affiliation:
1. Russian Anti-Plague Research Institute “Microbe”, Saratov, 410005 Russia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We conducted a comparative analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of plague pathogen strains from the 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 phylogroups, representing the main subspecies of the medieval Yersinia pestis biovar found in the plague foci of the Caspian Sea region, which were epidemically active in the 20th century. We evaluated the biochemical properties, nutritional requirements, and plasmid profiles of Y. pestis strains within the 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 phylogroups of the medieval biovar. We discovered the variability in the virulence-associated genes hemS, caf1M, and ssaJ in the strains of the 2.MED lineage. Our data on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the medieval biovar can be used in laboratory diagnostics of the plague microbe and contribute to the understanding of genomic changes during the microevolution of this highly virulent biovar.
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Geography, Planning and Development
Reference10 articles.
1. Kutyrev VV, Eroshenko GA, Motin VL, Nosov NY, Krasnov JM, Kukleva LM et al. Phylogeny and classification of Yersinia pestis through the lens of strains from the plague foci of Commonwealth of Independent States. Front Microbiol 2018; 9(1106), 1-11. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01106.
2. Popov NV, Eroshenko GA, Karnaukhov IG, Kuznetsov AA, Matrosov AN, Ivanova AV. Epidemiological Situation on Plague in 2020. Forecast of Episootic Activity of Natural Plague Foci in the Russian Federation and Other CIS Countries for 2021. Problemy Osobo Opasnykh Infektsii [Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections] 2021; 1, 52-62. doi: 10.21055/0370-1069-2021-1-52-62. (In Russian).
3. Eroshenko GA, Popov NV, Al’khova ZV, Kukleva LM, Balykova AN, Chervyakova NS et al. Evolution and circulation of Yersinia pestis in the Northern Caspian and Northern Aral Sea regions in the 20th-21st centuries. PLoS ONE 2021; 16(2), e0244615. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244615.
4. Balykova AN, Kukleva LM, Naryshkina EA, Eroshenko GA, Kutyrev VV. Five Draft Genome Sequences of Historical Yersinia pestis Strains of Phylogroups 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 of the Medieval Biovar. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022; 11(5), e0004422. doi: 10.1128/mra.00044-22.
5. Cadaster of epidemic and epizootic manifestations of plague on the territory of the Russian Federation and neighboring countries (from 1876 to 2016). A. V. Kutyrev and A. Yu. Popova (eds.). Saratov: OOO Amirit, 2016. 248 pp. (In Russian).