The importance of determining the uromodulin serum concentration in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients

Abstract

Introduction: In the kidney, cells in the thick ascending limb of the loop of the Henle synthesized uromodulin (UMOD). This study aims to present the evaluation of the uromodulin serum concentration in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients in the early detection of kidney damage. Materials and methods: The study included 50 T2DM patients mean age of 60.75 ± 11.23 years estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 114.38 ± 22.12 ml/min and a control group of 20 healthy persons. We measured serum concentration of haemoglobin, urea, creatinine, uromodulin (ELISA method), and cystatin C (nephelometry). We determined formulas: Cockcroft-Gault# (combination Cockcroft-Gault for patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 and Cockcroft-GaultLBW for patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation), and simple Cystatin C. Results: T2DM patients had lower hemoglobin serum concentration as well as eGFR calculated by formulas: Cockcroft-Gault# and CKD-EPI. T2DM patients had significantly higher BMI and cystatin C compared to control group. T2DM patients had significantly lower serum uromodulin concentration (136.51 ± 84.34 vs 220.50 ± 92.39 ng/ml) than in controls. Significant positive correlation between uromodulin and Cockcroft-Gault# (r = 0.432, p = 0.000), CKD-EPI (r = 0.439; p = 0.000) formulas as well as simple cystatin C (r = 0.250, p = 0.02), but negative correlation with age (r = -0.476, p = 0.000), BMI (r = -0.313, p = 0.002) and cystatin C serum concentration (r = -0.293, p = 0.015) were found. Conclusion: The role of serum uromodulin concentration is not still fortified. The results of this study showed that reduced uromodulin serum concentration indicated early kidney damage in T2DM patients.