Determinants of Postharvest Losses in Tomato Production in The Savannah Region of Togo

Abstract

Post-harvest losses have been identified as one of the main causes of food shortage problems in most developing countries and in Togo especially. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of post-harvest losses in tomato production in the Savannah region of Togo. A standardized structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 25 farmers selected through a combination of purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the respondents. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the determinants of postharvest losses of tomatoes. The typical tomato farmer in the locality is 37 years, married, with a household of three people, and having attained a basic level of education. On average, farmers grow tomatoes on a farm of about 2 hectares and have about 10 years of farming experience. The study showed that 42% of tomatoes during the major season were lost and 90% during the minor season. From the farmers' point of view, the main sources of losses were rotting and bruising due to improper handling, diseases, and pest attacks. Regression analysis showed that farmer gender, household size, farm size, number of days in storage significantly influenced the level of post-harvest losses. Female gender, farm size, and the number of days in storage were positively associated with losses in tomato production. However, household size, membership in cooperatives, and growing improved varieties reduced post-harvest losses. Limited access to credit, lack of storage facilities, and lack of market access are the main constraints faced by tomato farmers. The study recommended periodic training of producers and membership in cooperatives. Education of farmers on growing improved varieties of tomatoes as well as training in proper processing of tomato fruits and derivatives to reduce post-harvest losses.