1. Department of History, Princeton University, 136 Dickinson Hall, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 USA; and Chief Research Fellow at the Poletayev Institute for Theoretical and Historical Studies in the Humanities, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow, 101990, Russia; email: mgordin@princeton.edu. This article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program and funded by the Russian Academic Excellence Project “5-100.”.