1. Volume XVIII Number 1 Winter 2001 The Journal of Musicology c 2001 by the Regents of the University of California
2. 1 Heinrich Christoph Koch, Musikalisches Lexikon (Frankfurt am Main, 1802), 1209 (quoted in Leonard Ratner, Classic Music: Expression, Form, and Style [New York: Schirmer Books, 1980], 125).
3. 2 Ibid.
4. 3 Goethe's Letters to Zelter, trans. and ed. Arthur Duke Coleridge (London, 1892), 369 (9 November 1829).
5. 4 Charles Rosen, The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, expanded ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997), 137.