1. The terms archaeology and paleontology are often confused. Archaeology is the study of human material cultures. It deals with samples that are a few thousands of years old or younger. Paleontology is the study of fossils. It deals with samples that are tens of thousands of years old or older, including samples that are millions or billions of years old. The crossover discipline of paleoarchaeology is the study of the material cultures of very ancient humans and their extinct relatives. It deals with samples that are 10,000 to 15 million years old.
2. Arneborg, J., Heinemeier, J., Lynnerup, N., Nielsen, H.L., Rud, N. & Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Á.E. (1999). Change of diet of the Greenland Vikings determined from stable carbon isotope analysis and 14C dating of their bones. Radiocarbon, 41, 157–168.
3. Asara, J.M., Schweitzer, M.H., Freimark, L.M., Phillips, M. & Cantley, L.C. (2007). Protein sequences from mastodon and Tyrannosaurus rex revealed by mass spectrometry. Science, 316, 280–285.
4. Ayling, B.F., Eggins, S., McCulloch, M.T., Chappell, J., Grün, R. & Mortimer, G. (2017). Uranium uptake history, open-system behaviour and uranium-series ages of fossil Tridacna gigas from Huan Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 213, 475–501.
5. Bergstrom, C.T. & Dugatkin, L.A. (2016). Evolution, 2nd ed.New York, NY: W.W. Norton.