Author:
Benson Roger B. J.,Domokos Gábor,Várkonyi Péter L.,Reisz Robert R.
Abstract
A variety of means, including forelimb proportions and shell bone histology have been used to infer the paleoecology of extinct turtles. However, the height-to-width ratio of the shell (as a one-parameter shell model) has been dismissed because of its unreliability, and more complex aspects of shell geometry have generally been overlooked. Here we use a more reliable, three-parameter geometric model of the shell outline in anterior view as a means to assess turtle paleoecology. The accuracy of predictions of extant turtle ecology based on our three-parameter shell model is comparable to that derived from forelimb proportions when distinguishing between three ecological classes (terrestrial, semiaquatic, and aquatic). Higher accuracy is obtained when distinguishing between two classes (terrestrial and non-terrestrial), because the contours of aquatic and semiaquatic turtles are often very similar. Our model classifies Proterochersis robusta, a stem turtle from the Late Triassic of Germany, as non-terrestrial, and likely semiaquatic. Our method, combined with inferences based on limb proportions, indicates a diverse range of ecotypes represented by Late Triassic stem turtles. This implies that the ecological diversification of stem-group turtles may have been rapid, or that a substantial period of currently cryptic diversification preceded the first fossil appearance of the turtle stem lineage during the Late Triassic.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Paleontology,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,Ecology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Cited by
34 articles.
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1. Cranial morphology of
Heckerochelys romani
Sukhanov, 2006, a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtlesCitation for this article: Obraztsova, E. M., Sukhanov, V. B., & Danilov, I. G. (2024) Cranial morphology of
Heckerochelys romani
Sukhanov, , a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtles.
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2023.2293997;Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology;2024-01-12
2. Limb histology of the Triassic stem turtles Proterochersis porebensis Szczygielski & Sulej, 2016 and Proganochelys quenstedtii Baur, 1887 with insights into growth patterns of early turtles;Comptes Rendus Palevol;2023-11-06
3. Shell shape-habitat correlations in extant turtles: A global-scale analysis;Global Ecology and Conservation;2023-10
4. Limb anatomy of the Triassic turtles: appendicular osteology of Proterochersis (Testudinata, Proterochersidae);Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society;2023-07-25
5. Turtle body size evolution is determined by lineage‐specific specializations rather than global trends;Ecology and Evolution;2023-06