1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
2. Bacteriology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
3. The Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
4. Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi
5. Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; and
6. Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands