1. Asthma and COPD Program, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
3. Lung Health Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
4. BU-BMC Cancer Center and Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and
5. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
6. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois