1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
2. New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
3. Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
4. IPRO, Lake Success, New York
5. Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
6. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
7. VA Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan
8. Department of Surgery and
9. Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; and
10. Division of Biostatistics, Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, Ohio