1. Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
2. Intensive Care Unit, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
3. Translational Medicine, Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
4. The Department of Pathology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
5. Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and
6. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts